VP2 codons were found to be under diversifying selection.
2.
This diversifying selection is consistent with persistent infection as this part of the VP1 protein contains epitopes recognised by the immnune system.
3.
The population size has remained constant over the last 70 years and the G protein appears to be the main site of diversifying selection.
4.
"' Disruptive selection "', also called "'diversifying selection "', describes changes in population genetics in which extreme values for a trait are favored over intermediate values.
5.
The fitness ('fitness effect', or'selection pressure') of such mutations is negative ( purifying selection has operated over time; or a " relative excess " of nonsynonymous substitutions ( dN > dS; ? > 1 ), indicating positive effect on fitness, i . e . diversifying selection ( Yang and Bielawski 2000 ).
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